Ground-anchor for cables or wires.



PATENTED OCT. 27, 1903.

A. BBARSB.

GROUND ANCHOR FOR GABLES 0R WIRES.

APPLIUATIOK TILED MAY 4. 1903.

R0 MODEL.

ZWZMIMW I'm mini? flmow m deflected from a UNITED STATES PatentedOctober 27, 1 903.

PATENT OFFICE.

GROUND-ANCHOR FOR CABLES OR WIRES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 742,279, dated October27, 1903.

Application filed May 4, 1903. Serial No. 155,576. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Beitknown that I, AARON BEARSE, of Syracuse, in the county of Onondaga,in the State of New York, have invented new and useful Improvements inGround-Anchors for Gables or Wires, of which the following, taken inconnection with the accompanying drawings, is a full, clear, and exactdescription.

This invention relates to ground-anchors for cables and wires, and isparticularly applicable for use in anchoring the ends of guywires fortelegraph, telephone, and similar poles. These guy-wires are used tostay the upper ends of the poles which are located at the corners orplaces where the line-wires are direct cross and also to stay thosewhich may be located on sidehills and in other places where the polesare subjected to continuous and severe lateral strains to hold them intheir normal upright positions. The general practice is to attach one ofthe guy-wires to the upper end of the pole and to secure the other endto a log, tie, or other similar anchorage which is embedded in theearth. This method of anchoring the guywires necessitates the excavationof a considerable quantity of earth for receiving the anchor, which isusually placed at a considerable depth, and to which is attached asuitable cable or bar projecting above the surface of the ground, afterwhich the excavation is refilled to hold the anchorage, and the guy-wireis then attached to the projecting end of the rod or bar which isconnected to the anchor. It is apparent that this is an enpensive andlaborious proceeding, and owing to the looseness of the earth which hasbeen filled in the excavation over the anchor it is not uncommon for theanchor to be loosened and gradually pulled toward the surface. Myinvention is designed to obviate these difficulties by providing ananchorage with movable wings, the anchor being driven into the solidearth a considerable depth without excavation and is then partiallywithdrawn, so that the wings are deflected outwardly and laterally,.whereby the anchor embraces a large area of the superimposed solidearth, which holds it from accidental withdrawal, and therefore forms asimple and convenient anchorage, thelength of the anchor and depth ofits insertion into the earth depending upon the amount of the strain towhich it is subjected.

In the drawings, Figures 1 and 2 are elevations taken at right angles toeach other of my improved anchor, the wings being shown in their foldedposition in full lines and the dotted lines indicating the angles towhich said wings are moved when in operative position. Fig. 3 is adetail view of a portion of the center bar or rod and the adjacent endsof one pair of wings shown in their unfolded or extended position. Fig.i is a sectional view taken on line 4-. 4, Fig. 1.

Similar reference characters indicate corresponding parts in all theviews.

In carrying out the objects of this invention I employ an iron rod orbar 1, which is formed with a lower pointed extremity 2, adapted to bedriven into the earth, while its upper end is provided with a head 3 andan aperture 4, the head 3 being somewhat enlarged and is adapted toreceive the blows of a mallet or sledge used in driving the bar into theearth. The greater portion, and especially the lower portion, of thisbar is flat transversely, and its lower end is twisted or bent atsubstantially right angles to the adjacent upper portion for formingsubstantially flat bearing-surfaces for the wings presently described.

I preferably employ two separate pairs of wings 5 and 6, the wings 5being pivotally mounted upon a pivotal pin 7 at opposite sides of thelower end of the bar 1, said pivotal pin being passed through anaperture in the central bar at a point below the twist or bend 8 and isupset at its opposite ends for holding the wings 5 in operativeposition. A similar pin or rivet 9 is passed through an aperture in thebar above the twist 8, and upon the opposite ends of this latter pin 9are pivoted the lower ends of the wings 6, which are also disposed atopposite sides of the bar. It is now seen that the wings 5 and 6 arepivotally mounted upon different portions of the bar in planes one abovethe other, the axes of the pivotal pins being disposed in planes atsubstantially right angles to each other, and therefore the wings of onepair swing downwardly in planes at substantially right angles to theplane of movement of the wings of the other pair. In other words, thelower ends of the wings 5 are pivotally mounted adjacent to the oppositefiat faces of the lower end of the central bar beneath and in proximityto the twist 8, while the lower ends of the bars 6 are pivotally mountedupon opposite faces of the central bar above and in proximity to thetwist, the axis of one pair being disposed at right angles to the axisof the other pairof the wings. These wings preferably consist of flatmetal arms, and their pivotal ends are arranged fiat-wise with reference.to the adjacent flat portions of the central bar, while their free endsare twisted or bent at 10 at substantially right angles to their lowerends, this twist or bend being in close proximity to the pivotal axes ofthe wings, so that a portion of the metal which is formed by thistwisting or bending is utilized to form stops 12 and 13 to limit theoutward swinging movement of the wings and to prevent their swinging toa horizontal position, so that when the Wings are extended to their fulllimit they incline upwardly from their respective axes, as shown bydotted lines in Figs. 1 and 2 and by full lines in Fig. 3. It will nowbe seen that although the pivotal ends of the wings are arrangedflatwise with reference to the adjacent portion of the central bar towhich they are attached, yet the main bodies or upper portions of thewings are arranged flatwise with reference to the edges of the centralbar-that is, they are turned at substantially right angles to theirlower ends and extend across the edges of the portions of the bar towhich they are attached, thereby forming the shoulders 12 and 13.

The extreme outer ends of the wings 5 and 6 are deflected or curvedlaterally and outwardly for a purpose hereinafter described, and whenthese wings are in their folded position they lie along and in closeproximity to the central bar 1, so as to occupy as small aspace aspossible during the insertion of the anchor into the ground.

As previously intimated, this anchor is driven into the ground withoutany previous excavation until the head 3 is substantially even with orslightly beneath the surface of the ground, and the mere operation ofdriving this anchor into the ground causes the wings 5 and 6 to foldclose to the central bar, the upper ends of said wings being aconsiderable distance beneath the surface of the ground. After theanchor has been driven into the ground as far as practicable a suitablehoisting or pulling apparatus is attached to the upper end or head ofthe central bar, which is then partially withdrawn, and during thisoperation the wings 5 and 6 are unfolded or deflected outwardly to theposition shown by dotted lines in Figs. 1 and 2 and by full lines inFig. 3, the outwardly-curved extremities serving to automatically extendthe wings during the operation of withdrawing the bar by impact with theearth. The twisting of the bar, which is flat, serves also to facilitateits entrance into the ground, and I am onabled to use a substantiallythin flat bar, which enters the ground more readily and affords aconvenient and economical means of attaching two or more pairs of platesor wings 5 and 6 with their pivotal axes at an angle with each other, sothat the plates or wings may be folded or unfolded without interferingwith each other. Another important feature is the fact that the platesare arranged flatwise with reference to the axis of the central bar,thereby affording a broad surface bearing for the earth, and on accountof their thinness said plates may be readily projected or deflected intothe earth as the bar is drawn partially outward.

I usually provide the upper end of the center rod or bar 1 with atie-wire 14E, which is passed through the aperture 4 and wound or coiledupon itself so as to form a permanent tie, this wire 14 serving as anextension of the centering-rod 1, to which the guy-wire or other cablemay be attached.

Having thus described myinvention, what I claim, and desire to secure byLetters Patent, is-

1. An anchor for guy-wires comprising a central bar and flat wingspivoted on the same axis to opposite faces of the bar, and having theirfree ends twisted at an angle with their pivoted ends.

2. An anchor for cables and wires comprisinga central bar, a pivotal pinpassed through the bar, flat wings mounted on said pin at opposite sidesof the bar and having their free ends arranged ilatwise with referenceto their pivotal axis.

3. An anchor for cables and wires comprising a bar having a flat portiontwisted so that the flat part below the twist is disposed edgewise withreference to the flat part above the twist, and a folding wing hinged tothe bar near the twist and itself twisted to engage the edge of the barwhen unfolded and thereby limit the spread of the wing.

4. An anchor for cables and wires comprising a bar having a flat portiontwisted so that the flat part below the twist is disposed edgewise withreference to the flat part above the twist, and a pair of folding wingspivoted to the bar near the twist and unfolding in opposite directions,each wing being twisted to form stop-shoulders which engage the bar andlimit their unfolding movement.

5. An anchor for cables and wires comprising a bar having a flat portiontwisted so that the flat part below the twist is disposed edgewise withreference to the flat part above the twist, the lower extremity of thebar being pointed, a pair of folding wings hinged to the bar above butnear the twist, and a second pair of wings hinged to the bar below thetwist and swinging at substantially right angles to the movement of thewings of the firstnamed pair.

6. An anchor for cables and wires comprising a bar having a flat portiontwisted. so that the flat part below the twist is disposed edgewise withreference to the fiat part above the twist, and a pair of flat wingshinged to the bar on opposite sides thereof and near the twist, saidwings being themselves twisted to form stop-shoulders for engagingopposite edges of the bar.

7. An anchor for cables and wires comprising a bar having a fiat portiontwisted so that the flat part below the twist is disposed edgewise withreference to the flat part above the twist, and a pair of flat wingshinged to the bar on opposite sides thereof and near the twist havingtheir inner ends disposed fiatwise against the flat sides of the bar andpivoted thereto near the twist and their outer ends disposed flatwisewith reference to the opposite edges of the bar and unfolding inopposite directions from said edges.

An anchor for cables and wires comprising a bar having a flat portiontwisted so that the flat part below the twist is disposed edgewise withreference to the flat part above the twist, and a pair of flat wingshinged to the bar on opposite sides thereof and near the twist havingtheir inner ends disposed fiatwise against the flat sides of the bar andpivoted thereto below the twist, and a second pair of wings pivoted tothe bar above the twist, the axes of the pivots being at substantiallyright angles to each other and the outer ends of the wings beingdisposed flatwise with reference to the edges of the bar.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand this 29th day of April,1903.

AARON BEARSE.

Witnesses:

II. E. CHASE, MILDRED M. NOTT.

